Igice cya 1: Ibisobanuro nibisobanuro byingenzi bya PU Uruhu
Uruhu rwa PU, rugufi kuri polyurethane uruhu rwubukorikori, ni ibintu byakozwe numuntu bikozwe hamwe na resin ya polyurethane nkibifuniko byibanze, bigashyirwa mubutaka butandukanye (ubusanzwe imyenda) kugirango bigane isura kandi yumve uruhu rwinyamaswa rusanzwe.
Ibyingenzi:
Polyurethane (PU): Iyi ni polymer-ifite uburemere buke bwa polymer ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya abrasion, kurwanya flex, guhinduka, na plastike. Mu ruhu rwa PU, ikora cyane cyane nk'ubuso bwo hejuru, bushinzwe imiterere y'uruhu, ibara, ububengerane, hamwe nibyinshi mu byiyumvo byayo. PU resin nziza cyane irashobora gukora ingaruka zifatika zifatika.
Ibikoresho byo Gushyigikira: Ngiyo shingiro ikoreshwa rya PU, mubisanzwe ni umwenda. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo gushyigikira ni:
Umwenda uboshye: Guhinduka no koroshya bikunze kugaragara mu myambaro no kwambara inkweto.
Imyenda idoda: Igiciro gito kandi cyoroshye kubyara, akenshi ikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byo hasi cyangwa gupakira.
Imyenda iboshywe (nka polyester na pamba): Imbaraga nyinshi hamwe no guhagarara neza, akenshi bikoreshwa mumizigo nibikoresho. Microfiber substrate: Iyi substrate yo murwego rwohejuru ikozwe muri fibre nziza cyane, hamwe nuburyo busa nurusobe rwa fibre fibre y'uruhu nyarwo. Ibi birema microfiber PU uruhu, urwego rwohejuru-rwinshi rwuruhu rwa PU.
Ihame ry'akazi: Uruhu rwa PU rukorwa mugutwikira cyangwa kumanika amavuta ya polyurethane yuzuye kumyenda y'ibanze. Ibi noneho birashyuha-bikize, bishushanyijeho, nibindi bikorwa kugirango habeho ibintu byinshi hamwe nuruhu rumeze nkuruhu hamwe nimiterere.
Igice cya 2: Uburyo bwo gukora uruhu rwa PU
Gukora uruhu rwa PU ni inzira igoye, cyane cyane igabanijwe mu ntambwe zikurikira:
Kuvura imyenda y'ibanze: Icya mbere, imyenda yatoranijwe yatoranijwe ikorwa mbere yo kwisuzumisha, harimo gukora isuku, ibyuma, no gutera akabariro, kugirango habeho ubuso bunoze kandi byorohereze guhuza hamwe na PU.
Gutegura ibibyimba bya polyurethane: Ibice bya polyurethane byashongeshejwe mumashanyarazi nka DMF (dimethylformamide), kandi inyongeramusaruro zitandukanye (nk'amabara, imiti igabanya ubukana, plasitike, na coagulants) zongerwaho kugirango zibe imwe.
Igifuniko: PU yateguwe ikoreshwa neza ku mwenda fatizo ukoresheje ibikoresho nka scraper cyangwa roller. Ubunini nuburinganire bwikigero cyerekana neza ibicuruzwa byanyuma. Coagulation na Firime: Ibikoresho bisize byinjira mubwogero bwa coagulation (mubisanzwe ubwogero bwamazi). Amazi ahura nogusimbuka hamwe na DMF mubitotsi, bigatuma resin ya PU igenda igwa buhoro buhoro kandi igakomera, ikora firime yoroheje ifite imiterere ya microporome. Iyi microporome itanga urwego runaka rwo guhumeka kuruhu rwa PU.
Gukaraba no Kuma: Ibikoresho byogejwe namazi menshi kugirango bikureho neza ibisigisigi bya DMF bisigaye, hanyuma bikumire.
Kuvura Ubuso (Kurangiza): Iyi ni intambwe ikomeye yo guha uruhu "ubugingo".
Gushushanya: Ibizingo byuma byanditseho ingano zimpu (nka lychee, tumbled, cyangwa nappa) bikanda hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nigitutu kugirango habeho ibyifuzwa.
Gucapa: Ibishushanyo byinshi bigoye ndetse nibishusho bisa nibyahishe inyamaswa zidasanzwe birashobora gucapurwa.
Kurangiza: Filime ikingira ikoreshwa hejuru, nk'urwego rudashobora kwambara, igipande cya matte, cyangwa ibyiyumvo (nko kurangiza, ibishashara, cyangwa silicone isa na finike) kugirango yongere isura kandi irambe.
Gukonjesha no Kugenzura: Hanyuma, ibicuruzwa byarangiye bizunguruka mu muzingo hanyuma, nyuma yo kugenzura ubuziranenge, byoherejwe.
Igice cya 3: Ibiranga, ibyiza, nibibi bya PU uruhu
Ibyiza:
Igiciro gito: Iyi niyo nyungu igaragara yuruhu rwa PU. Ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byacyo biri hasi cyane ugereranije nimpu zinyamanswa, bigatuma ibicuruzwa byanyuma bihendutse cyane.
Kugaragara hamwe no Gukoresha Igipimo Cyinshi: Uruhu rwa PU nigicuruzwa cyinganda, bivamo ibara rimwe, imiterere, nubunini kuri buri muzingo. Irimo inenge karemano iboneka mu ruhu rwinyamaswa, nk'inkovu, kurumwa n'inyenzi, n'iminkanyari, kandi mubyukuri nta myanda ikorwa mugihe cyo gutema.
Kwitaho byoroshye: Itanga amazi meza kandi irwanya ikizinga, ituma ikizinga gisanzwe gikurwaho nigitambaro gitose, bikuraho amavuta yihariye yo kubungabunga.
Amabara atandukanye hamwe nubwisanzure bwo gushushanya: Uburyo bwo gushushanya no gucapa burashobora gukoreshwa mu kwigana ingano yimpu zinyamaswa zose (nka ingona cyangwa ostrich), ndetse igashiraho amabara nibishusho bitabonetse muri kamere, bigaha abashushanya ubwisanzure butagira umupaka bwo guhanga.
Umucyo woroshye: Mubisanzwe biroroshye kurenza uruhu rwinyamanswa zubuso bumwe.
Guhuzagurika cyane: Umusaruro rusange utanga ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, bikuraho itandukaniro rikomeye mubyiyumvo no mumikorere mugice kimwe.
Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije n’inyamanswa: Ntabwo ikoresha mu buryo butaziguye ubwoya bw’inyamaswa, buhuza n’amahame y’ibikomoka ku bimera n’amashyirahamwe arengera inyamaswa. Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi rikunda gukoresha ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije bishingiye ku bidukikije bigabanya umwanda ukabije.
Igice cya 4: Uruhu rwa PU nibindi bikoresho
1. Uruhu rwa PU na PVC Uruhu
Uruhu rwa PVC (bakunze kwita "Xipi"): Yashizweho na chloride polyvinyl. Nibisekuru byambere byuruhu rwubukorikori.
Kugereranya: Uruhu rwa PVC muri rusange rurakomeye, ntiruhinduka, rufite guhumeka nabi cyane (hafi ya micropore), rukumva rufite plastike, kandi rukunda gucika intege ku bushyuhe buke. Umusaruro wa PVC nawo ntiwangiza ibidukikije. Kubwibyo, uruhu rwa PU rurusha uruhu rwa PVC hafi yimikorere yose kandi kuri ubu ni uburyo bwo guhitamo uruhu rwihishwa.
2. Uruhu rwa PU na Microfiber Uruhu
Uruhu rwa Microfibre: Ikozwe muri microfibre idoda idoze yatewe na polyurethane. Kugeza ubu ni uruhu rwohejuru ruhebuje.
Kugereranya: Imiterere y'uruhu rwa Microfiber isa cyane nimpu nyazo, bikavamo imbaraga, kuramba, guhumeka, kandi ukumva uruta kure cyane uruhu rwa PU rusanzwe, hafi yuruhu rwukuri rwo murwego rwo hejuru, ndetse rukanarenga mubintu bimwe na bimwe bifatika (birwanya kwambara no kurira). Nibyo, ikiguzi cyacyo nacyo kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije nimpu zisanzwe za PU. Urashobora kubitekereza nk "kuzamura ibintu byiza byuruhu rwa PU."
Igice cya 5: Urwego runini rwa PU Uruhu rusaba
Bitewe nuburinganire bwuzuye nigiciro, uruhu rwa PU rufite intera nini cyane ya porogaramu.
Imyambarire yimyambarire: Ikoti, ipantaro, amajipo, umukandara, nibindi.
Inkweto n'imifuka: Ibice byo gushushanya inkweto, inkweto zisanzwe, na bote; umubare munini wimifuka, igikapu, namashashi yishuri.
Ibikoresho byo mu nzu: Sofa, intebe zo kuriramo, ibipfukisho byo kuryama, intebe zimodoka, ibipfukisho byimodoka, imbaho zimbere, nibindi. Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye kandi bisukuye byoroshye, bikoreshwa cyane murugo no mumodoka.
Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike: Imanza za terefone, imbaho za tablet, dosiye ya terefone, mudasobwa zigendanwa, n'ibindi.
Ibindi: Ibifuniko bya sitasiyo, agasanduku k'imitako, uturindantoki, ibikoresho bitandukanye, n'ibikoresho byo gushushanya.
Igice cya 6: Uburyo bwo Guhitamo no Kwita kubicuruzwa byuruhu rwa PU
Inama zo kugura:
Reba: Reba niba ingano ari imwe kandi itunganye. Uruhu nyarwo rufite ibintu bidasanzwe mu ngano zarwo. Igice cyambukiranya uruhu rwa PU kizagaragaza imyenda itandukanye. Gukoraho: Umva imiterere. Uruhu rwiza rwa PU rugomba kuba rworoshye kandi rworoshye, mugihe ubuziranenge bushobora kumva bukomeye kandi bworoshye. Kandi, umva ubushyuhe. Uruhu nyarwo rutwara ubushyuhe vuba kandi rukumva rukonje gukoraho, mugihe uruhu rwa PU rwumva hafi yubushyuhe bwicyumba.
Impumuro: Uruhu nyarwo rufite impumuro nziza yimpu, mugihe uruhu rwa PU akenshi rufite impumuro nziza ya plastike cyangwa imiti.
Kanda: Kanda hejuru yintoki zawe bizatera iminkanyari karemano, irasa, ikire buhoro. Uruhu rwa PU kurundi ruhande, rufite iminkanyari ikomeye cyangwa yoroheje ikira vuba.
Kwitaho:
Isuku: Buri gihe uhanagure hejuru hamwe nigitambaro cyoroshye, gitose kugirango ukureho umukungugu. Kubirindiro byinangiye, koresha ibikoresho byabugenewe byabigenewe; irinde gukemura ibibazo.
Irinde: Irinde kumara igihe kinini urumuri rw'izuba cyangwa amasoko yubushyuhe kugirango wirinde gutwikira gusaza no guturika. Irinde guhura nibintu bikarishye.
Ububiko: Bika ahantu hakonje, humye, byaba byiza uzingiye mu mufuka. Irinde umuvuduko ukabije.
Gusana: Kwangirika gukabije kubutaka biragoye kubisana kandi mubisanzwe bisaba gusya cyangwa gusana umwuga.
Igice cya 7: Inzira ziterambere ryigihe kizaza
Ibidukikije: Gutezimbere no gukoresha amazi ashingiye ku mazi ya PU (adafite umusemburo), PU ishingiye kuri bio (ikomoka ku bimera), hamwe n’ibikoresho bya PU byongera gukoreshwa ni ibintu by'ingenzi byibandwaho.
Ibikorwa-Byinshi: Binyuze mu iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, imikorere yimpu ya PU, nko guhumeka, kurwanya hydrolysis, kurwanya ikizinga, no kutagira umuriro, bizarushaho kunozwa, kwagura ibikorwa byayo mubice byihariye nko hanze no kubuvuzi.
Bionic Intelligence: Gutezimbere ibikoresho byuruhu rwa biomimetike bifite ibintu byubwenge nka "adaptive" kugenzura ubushyuhe no guhindura amabara.
High-End: Ikoranabuhanga rya Microfiber PU rizakomeza gukura, rihora ryinjira kumasoko yohejuru yisoko ryuruhu gakondo kandi rutanga uburambe bwukuri.
Umwanzuro
Nkudushya twibintu bidasanzwe, uruhu rwa PU rwagize uruhare runini muguhindura demokarasi, guhaza ibyifuzo byabaguzi, no guteza imbere kurengera inyamaswa. Nubwo bidatunganye, impuzandengo yikiguzi, igishushanyo, nibikorwa byayigize umwanya utajegajega mwisi yisi igezweho. Gusobanukirwa imiterere yabyo birashobora kudufasha guhitamo neza abaguzi: mugihe dushaka umwihariko, kuramba, nagaciro, uruhu nyarwo rushobora kuba igisubizo; kandi mugihe dukeneye imyambarire, koroshya imikoreshereze, kandi birashoboka, uruhu rwa PU ntagushidikanya ni amahitamo meza. Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, ahazaza h'uruhu rwa PU ntirushobora kurushaho kuba ibidukikije kandi birenze.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-11-2025
