Uruhu rwa PVC (polyvinyl chloride artificiel) ni ibintu bimeze nk'uruhu bikozwe mu bisigazwa bya polyvinyl chloride (PVC), hiyongereyeho inyongeramusaruro ikora nka plasitike na stabilisateur, binyuze mu gutwikira, kalendari, cyangwa kumurika. Ibikurikira nisesengura ryuzuye kubisobanuro byacyo, uburozi, nuburyo bwo gukora:
I. Ibisobanuro n'imiterere y'uruhu rwa PVC
1. Ibanze shingiro
Igice fatizo: Mubisanzwe umwenda uboshye cyangwa uboshye, utanga ubufasha bwubukanishi.
Hagati yo hagati: PVC ifuro ifitemo ifumbire ya pulasitike hamwe nudukingirizo twinshi, itanga ubworoherane nubwitonzi.
Ubuso bwubuso: Igipfundikizo cya PVC, gishobora gushushanywa kugirango habeho uruhu rumeze nkuruhu kandi rushobora no kuba rufite imiti irwanya abrasion kandi irwanya kwanduza.
Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birimo polyurethane (PU) yometseho cyangwa ikote ryambaye imyenda idashobora kwambara kugirango ikore neza.
2. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga
Ibyiza byumubiri: Kurwanya Hydrolysis, kurwanya abrasion (guhinduka inshuro zigera ku 30.000 kugeza 100.000), hamwe no kutagira umuriro (icyiciro cya B1).
Imipaka ikora: Guhumeka nabi (munsi yuruhu rwa PU), bikunda gukomera mubushyuhe buke, hamwe nibishobora kurekura plastike hamwe nigihe kirekire.
2. Impaka zuburozi nubuziranenge bwumutekano wuruhu rwa PVC
Inkomoko yuburozi
1. Ibyongeweho byangiza
Plastiseri (plasitike): Fthalate gakondo (nka DOP) irashobora gusohoka ikabangamira sisitemu ya endocrine, cyane cyane iyo ihuye namavuta cyangwa ibidukikije byo hejuru.
Ibyuma biremereye cyane: Stabilisateur zirimo gurş na kadmium zishobora kwimukira mumubiri wumuntu, kandi kwirundanyiriza igihe kirekire bishobora kwangiza impyiko na sisitemu.
Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM): VCM isigaye mu musaruro ni kanseri ikomeye.
2. Ingaruka z’ibidukikije n’imyanda
Dioxine nibindi bintu bifite ubumara bukabije birekurwa mugihe cyo gutwika; ibyuma biremereye byinjira mu butaka n’amazi nyuma y’imyanda.
Gusubiramo biragoye, kandi ibyinshi bihinduka umwanda uhoraho.
Ibipimo byumutekano ningamba zo gukingira
Ubushinwa buteganijwe GB 21550-2008 bugabanya cyane ibirimo ibintu byangiza:
Vinyl chloride monomer: ≤5 mg / kg
Amashanyarazi akomeye: ≤90 mg / kg | Kadmium ikemuka: mg75 mg / kg
Ibindi bihindagurika: ≤20 g / m²
Uruhu rwa PVC rwujuje ubuziranenge (nk'ibiyobora- na kadmium idafite, cyangwa gukoresha amavuta ya soya ya epoxiside aho gukoresha DOP) bifite ibyago bike by'uburozi. Nyamara, imikorere y ibidukikije iracyari munsi yibindi bikoresho nkuruhu rwa PU na TPU.
Icyifuzo cyo kugura: Shakisha ibyemezo byibidukikije (nka FloorScore na GREENGUARD) kandi wirinde gukoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi (> 60 ° C) no guhura nibiryo byamavuta.
III. PVC Uburyo bwo Gutunganya Uruhu
Inzira Yibanze
1. Gutegura ibikoresho bito
Ubuso bwa Layeri Slurry: PVC resin + plasitike (nka DOP) + stabilisateur (formulaire yubusa) + ibara.
Ifuro rya Layeri Slurry: Ongeramo ikintu gihuha (nka azodicarbonamide) hamwe nuwuzuza (nka attapulgite kugirango wongere guhangana nikirere).
2. Uburyo bwo kubumba
Uburyo bwo gutwikira (Inzira nyamukuru):
Kwambika impapuro zo kurekura hamwe nubuso bwa shitingi (gukama kuri 170-190 ° C) → Koresha urwego rwifuro rwinshi → Laminate hamwe nigitambara fatizo (guhuza polyurethane) → Kuramo impapuro zisohora → Koresha umukozi wo kuvura hejuru hamwe na roller.
Uburyo bwa Kalendari:
Uruvange rwa resin rusohoka binyuze mu cyuma (125-175 ° C) → Urupapuro kuri kalendari (ubushyuhe bwa roller 165-180 ° C) → Bishyushye bishyushye hamwe nigitambara fatizo.
Kubira ifuro no gutunganya nyuma:
Itanura ribyimba rikoresha ubushyuhe bwo kugenzura ubushyuhe (110-195 ° C) ku muvuduko wa 15-25 m / min kugirango habeho imiterere ya microporome.
Gushushanya (gushushanya impande zombi) hamwe no kuvura UV byongera ubushishozi no kwambara birwanya.
Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije guhanga udushya
Ibindi bikoresho: Amavuta ya soya ya Epoxiside na plasitike ya polyester akoreshwa mugusimbuza phthalates.
Guhindura imbaraga zo kuzigama ingufu: Impande zombi tekinoroji imwe yo kumurika igabanya gukoresha ingufu 30%; ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi asimbuza ibishishwa bishingiye kumuti.
- Guhindura imikorere: Ongeramo ifeza ion (antibacterial), ibumba ryahinduwe (kunoza imbaraga no kurwanya gusaza).
IV. Incamake: Porogaramu n'ibigenda
Ahantu ho gusaba: imbere yimodoka (intebe), gutwikira ibikoresho, inkweto (kuzamura siporo), imifuka, nibindi.
Inzira z'inganda:
Politiki ntarengwa yo kurengera ibidukikije (nkibibuza EU PVC kubuza), uruhu rwa TPU / microfiber uruhu rusimbuza buhoro buhoro isoko ryo hagati kugeza hejuru.
"Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki byo gusuzuma ibishushanyo mbonera by'icyatsi" (T / GMPA 14-2023) bishyirwa mu bikorwa mu Bushinwa hagamijwe guteza imbere ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije nk'uruhu rwa PVC.
Umwanzuro wingenzi: Uruhu rwa PVC rushobora gukoreshwa neza hubahirijwe ibipimo byumutekano, ariko ingaruka ziterwa n’umwanda mu musaruro / imyanda iracyahari. Ibicuruzwa byemejwe n’ibidukikije bidafite ibyuma biremereye na phalite birahitamo, kandi hitabwa cyane ku guhindura inganda mu bikoresho bya PU / bio.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-29-2025
